Security
  • IT Security Knowledge Base
  • Blue team
    • Linux System Hardening
    • Phishing Analysis
    • Snort
    • Yara
  • Capture the Flag
    • OverTheWire
      • Bandit
        • Bandit Level 0
        • Bandit Level 0 → Level 1
        • Bandit Level 1 → Level 2
        • Bandit Level 2 → Level 3
        • Bandit Level 3 → Level 4
        • Bandit Level 4 → Level 5
        • Bandit Level 5 → Level 6
        • Bandit Level 6 → Level 7
        • Bandit Level 7 → Level 8
        • Bandit Level 8 → Level 9
        • Bandit Level 9 → Level 10
        • Bandit Level 10 → Level 11
        • Bandit Level 11 → Level 12
        • Bandit Level 12 → Level 13
        • Bandit Level 13 → Level 14
        • Bandit Level 14 → Level 15
        • Bandit Level 15 → Level 16
        • Bandit Level 16 → Level 17
        • Bandit Level 17 → Level 18
        • Bandit Level 18 → Level 19
        • Bandit Level 19 → Level 20
        • Bandit Level 20→ Level 21
        • Bandit Level 21→ Level 22
        • Bandit Level 22 → Level 23
        • Bandit Level 23 → Level 24
        • Bandit Level 24 → Level 25
        • Bandit Level 25 → Level 26
        • Bandit Level 26 → Level 27
        • Bandit Level 27 → Level 28
        • Bandit Level 28 → Level 29
        • Bandit Level 29 → Level 30
        • Bandit Level 30 → Level 31
        • Bandit Level 31 → Level 32
        • Bandit Level 32 → Level 33
    • OWASP Juice Shop
      • Installation
      • Level 1 - Challenges
      • Level 2 - Challenges
    • TryHackMe Rooms
      • Anthem
      • Capture!
      • Corridor
      • Gotta Catch'em All!
      • Mustacchio
      • Neighbour
      • Opacity
      • Source
    • CEH v12 practical resources
  • Cryptology
    • CryptoHack
      • Course: Introduction to CryptoHack
        • Introduction - Challenges
        • General - Encoding
        • General - XOR
      • Course: Modular Arithmetic
        • General - Mathematics
        • Mathematics - Modular Math
        • Mathematics - Brainteasers Part 1
      • Course: Symmetric Cryptography
        • How AES Works
        • Symmetric Starter
        • Block Ciphers
        • Stream Ciphers
  • Red Team
    • Reconnaissance
      • Foot-printing
      • Scanning (Nmap)
      • Enumeration
    • Vulnerability Analysis
    • Initial Access
      • Obtaining credentials
      • Vulnerability Exploitation
        • Buffer Overflow
        • Metasploit and Armitage
        • Ninja Jonin
    • Active Directory
      • Connect to AD
      • AD Explore
      • CMD and PowerShell enumeration
      • Certificates in AD
      • LDAP Pass-back Attacks
      • Cracking NetNTLM Challenge with Responder
      • Exploring Configuration Files for AD Credentials
      • Pass the hash with evil WinRM
      • Understanding Runas
    • Malware
    • Sniffing
      • Intercept HTTP traffic - Hetty
      • Intercept HTTP traffic - Bettercap
      • Wireshark
    • Social Engineering
    • Denial of Service
    • Web Hacking
      • Burp Suite
      • OWASP ZAP
      • Web servers
      • Web Server Footprinting
      • Directory Enumeration
      • Session Hijacking
      • Web Shells
      • Web vulnerability scanners
      • SQL Injection
    • Cloud
    • Wireless Networks
      • Attacking WEP
      • Attacking WPA/WPA2
    • Mobile Devices
    • Network Security Evasion
    • Privileges Escalation
    • Maintain Access and Hide Malicious Activity
      • Backdooring
    • Cover your Tracks
  • Internet of Things
    • IoT in general
    • Common IoT Protocols
      • CoAP
      • MQTT
      • ZIGBEE
      • Bluetooth
    • Scapy
      • Sniffing and spoofing
      • ARP cache Poisoning
  • Projects
    • Cybersecurity Roadshow
Powered by GitBook
On this page
  • CoAP at a glance
  • CoAP security
  • CoAP attacks
  1. Internet of Things
  2. Common IoT Protocols

CoAP

Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)

PreviousCommon IoT ProtocolsNextMQTT

Last updated 2 years ago

CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol) is a lightweight and efficient protocol designed for use with constrained networks and devices. CoAP is particularly well-suited for low-power wireless devices, and it is often used in IoT applications such as home automation, smart energy, and industrial automation.

CoAP at a glance

  • Application layer protocol

  • Focus on constrained devices - CoAP is designed to work efficiently on devices with limited processing power and memory, such as sensors and actuators.

  • Runs over UDP

  • RFC

  • Very lightweight

  • Can be used over ZigBee

CoAP security

Security is done by enforcing DTLS (Datagram Transport Layer Security), which is similar to TLS (Transport Layer Security) but designed for use with UDP.

Four security modes:

  • NoSec: DTLS is disabled, and no security measures are enforced.

  • PreSharedKey: DTLS is enabled, and a pre-shared key list is used for authentication and encryption using the AES algorithm.

  • RawPublicKey: DTLS is enabled, and asymmetric keys without a certificate are used for authentication and encryption using the AES and ECC algorithms.

  • Certificate: DTLS is enabled, and X.509 certificates are used for authentication and encryption.

CoAP attacks

  • CoAP can be used for amplification (DDoS) attacks (average amplification factor of ~34)

  • If DTLS is not enabled, CoAP messages can be intercepted and modified by attackers, compromising the integrity and confidentiality of the data being transmitted.

  • If pre-shared keys are used for authentication, attackers can potentially obtain the keys through various means, such as eavesdropping or social engineering.

7252